中共中央 國務院

關于(yu)保持(chi)土地承包關系穩定并長久不變的意見(jian)

新華社(she)北京11月26日電 黨的十九大提(ti)出(chu)，保(bao)持土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包關系穩(wen)定并(bing)長(chang)(chang)久(jiu)(jiu)不變(bian)，第二輪土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包到期后再延(yan)長(chang)(chang)三十年。為充分(fen)保(bao)障農(nong)民土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包權(quan)益，進(jin)一步完善農(nong)村土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包經營制度，推進(jin)實施鄉村振興(xing)戰(zhan)略，現就保(bao)持農(nong)村土(tu)地(di)（指(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包耕(geng)地(di)）承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包關系穩(wen)定并(bing)長(chang)(chang)久(jiu)(jiu)不變(bian)（以下(xia)簡稱“長(chang)(chang)久(jiu)(jiu)不變(bian)”）提(ti)出(chu)如下(xia)意見。

一、重要意義

自實行(xing)家(jia)庭承包經營以來，黨中央、國務院一(yi)直堅持穩定(ding)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村土地(di)承包關(guan)系的方針政策(ce)，先(xian)后兩次(ci)延(yan)長承包期限，不斷健全相關(guan)制度體(ti)系，依法(fa)維護農(nong)(nong)(nong)民承包土地(di)的各項權利。在中國特色(se)社會(hui)主義進入新時(shi)代的關(guan)鍵時(shi)期，黨中央提出保持土地(di)承包關(guan)系穩定(ding)并(bing)長久不變，是(shi)對黨的農(nong)(nong)(nong)村土地(di)政策(ce)的繼承和發展，意義重(zhong)大、影響(xiang)深遠。

（一(yi)）實行“長(chang)久(jiu)(jiu)不變”有利于(yu)鞏固(gu)(gu)和(he)完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制度。在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)實行以(yi)家(jia)庭(ting)承包經(jing)營為基(ji)礎(chu)、統分結合的雙層經(jing)營體(ti)制，是改(gai)革開放的重大成果，是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制度。這(zhe)一(yi)制度符合我國(guo)國(guo)情和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產特點，具有廣泛適應(ying)性和(he)強(qiang)大生命力(li)。承包關系(xi)穩定，有利于(yu)增強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)發展生產的信心(xin)、保障(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)長(chang)治久(jiu)(jiu)安。實行“長(chang)久(jiu)(jiu)不變”，順應(ying)了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)愿望(wang)，將為鞏固(gu)(gu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營制度奠定更為堅實基(ji)礎(chu)，展現持久(jiu)(jiu)制度活力(li)。

（二）實行“長久(jiu)不變”有(you)利于(yu)促進中國特色現代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)。土地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)關系(xi)是(shi)農(nong)村(cun)生產關系(xi)的(de)(de)集(ji)中體現，需要(yao)適應(ying)生產力發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)要(yao)求不斷鞏固完善。改革(ge)開放(fang)初期實行家庭聯產承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)制，成(cheng)功解決了(le)億萬(wan)農(nong)民(min)的(de)(de)溫(wen)飽問題。隨著工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)、城鎮化(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)和農(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)動力大(da)量轉移，農(nong)業(ye)物質裝備水(shui)平大(da)幅提升(sheng)，農(nong)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)規(gui)模擴大(da)成(cheng)為(wei)可能。實行“長久(jiu)不變”，促進形成(cheng)農(nong)村(cun)土地(di)“三權(quan)”分(fen)置格局，穩定承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)，維護廣大(da)農(nong)戶的(de)(de)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)益，放(fang)活經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)，發揮(hui)新型農(nong)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)主體引(yin)領作(zuo)用，有(you)利于(yu)實現小(xiao)農(nong)戶和現代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)有(you)機(ji)銜接，有(you)利于(yu)發展(zhan)(zhan)多種形式適度(du)規(gui)模經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)，推進中國特色農(nong)業(ye)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)。

（三）實(shi)(shi)行“長久不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)推動(dong)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興戰略。當前，我(wo)國(guo)發展不(bu)(bu)平衡(heng)不(bu)(bu)充分問題在鄉(xiang)村最為(wei)突出。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興戰略是(shi)(shi)決(jue)勝全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)成小康社會(hui)、全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)設社會(hui)主義(yi)現代化(hua)國(guo)家的(de)重大歷史任務。改革(ge)是(shi)(shi)鄉(xiang)村全(quan)面(mian)振(zhen)興的(de)法寶。推動(dong)鄉(xiang)村全(quan)面(mian)振(zhen)興，必須以完善產(chan)權制度(du)(du)和要素市(shi)場化(hua)配置為(wei)重點，強化(hua)制度(du)(du)性供給。實(shi)(shi)行“長久不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”，完善承包(bao)經營制度(du)(du)，有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)強化(hua)農(nong)(nong)戶土地承包(bao)權益保護，有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)推進農(nong)(nong)村土地資源優化(hua)配置，有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)激活主體(ti)、激活要素、激活市(shi)場，為(wei)實(shi)(shi)現鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興提供更加有力的(de)制度(du)(du)保障(zhang)。

（四）實(shi)行(xing)“長(chang)久不變(bian)”有利(li)于保持農村(cun)社會(hui)和諧穩定。土(tu)地(di)問題貫穿農村(cun)改革全過(guo)程，涉(she)及億(yi)萬農民切身利(li)益，平(ping)衡好各方土(tu)地(di)權益，是(shi)黨的(de)執政能力(li)和國家治理水平(ping)的(de)重要體(ti)(ti)現。實(shi)行(xing)“長(chang)久不變(bian)”，進一步明晰集(ji)體(ti)(ti)與農戶(hu)、農戶(hu)與農戶(hu)、農戶(hu)與新(xin)型農業經營主體(ti)(ti)之(zhi)間在(zai)承包土(tu)地(di)上的(de)權利(li)義(yi)(yi)務關系(xi)，有利(li)于發揮(hui)社會(hui)主義(yi)(yi)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)經濟的(de)優(you)越性，通過(guo)起點公平(ping)、機會(hui)公平(ping)，合(he)理調節利(li)益關系(xi)，消除土(tu)地(di)糾紛隱患，促進社會(hui)公平(ping)正義(yi)(yi)，進一步鞏固(gu)黨在(zai)農村(cun)的(de)執政基礎。

二、總體(ti)(ti)要求

（一）指(zhi)導思(si)想。以(yi)習近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主義(yi)思(si)想為(wei)指(zhi)導，全(quan)面貫(guan)徹(che)黨(dang)的(de)十九(jiu)(jiu)大和十九(jiu)(jiu)屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)精神，認真(zhen)落(luo)實(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務院決策部署(shu)，緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞統籌(chou)推進“五(wu)位一體(ti)”總體(ti)布(bu)局(ju)和協調推進“四個全(quan)面”戰略(lve)布(bu)局(ju)，牢固樹立和貫(guan)徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)新(xin)發展理(li)念，緊(jin)扣處理(li)好(hao)農(nong)民(min)和土(tu)地關系(xi)(xi)這一主線，堅(jian)持(chi)農(nong)戶家庭(ting)承包(bao)經營，堅(jian)持(chi)承包(bao)關系(xi)(xi)長(chang)久穩定(ding)(ding)，賦予農(nong)民(min)更加充分而有(you)保(bao)障的(de)土(tu)地權利，鞏固和完善農(nong)村(cun)基本經營制度(du)，為(wei)提高(gao)農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)現代化(hua)水(shui)平、推動(dong)鄉村(cun)全(quan)面振(zhen)興(xing)、保(bao)持(chi)社會(hui)和諧(xie)穩定(ding)(ding)奠定(ding)(ding)制度(du)基礎。

（二）基(ji)本原(yuan)則

——穩定(ding)基本經營(ying)制度。堅持(chi)農村土(tu)地農民(min)集體(ti)(ti)(ti)所(suo)有(you)，確保集體(ti)(ti)(ti)經濟組織(zhi)成員平(ping)等享有(you)土(tu)地權(quan)益，不(bu)斷探索具體(ti)(ti)(ti)實(shi)現(xian)形式(shi)，不(bu)搞土(tu)地私有(you)化；堅持(chi)家(jia)庭承包(bao)經營(ying)基礎性地位，不(bu)論(lun)經營(ying)權(quan)如何流轉，不(bu)論(lun)新型農業經營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)如何發(fa)展，都不(bu)能(neng)動搖農民(min)家(jia)庭土(tu)地承包(bao)地位、侵害(hai)農民(min)承包(bao)權(quan)益。

——尊重農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)體地(di)位。尊重農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)意愿，把選擇權交給農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，依靠農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)解決好自己最關心最現實(shi)的(de)利益問題；尊重農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)首創(chuang)精神(shen)，充分發揮其(qi)主(zhu)動(dong)性(xing)和創(chuang)造性(xing)，凝(ning)聚廣大農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)智(zhi)慧(hui)和力(li)量，破解改(gai)革(ge)創(chuang)新中的(de)難題；加強示范(fan)引導，允許(xu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)集體在(zai)法(fa)律政策范(fan)圍內通過民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)協商自主(zhu)調節利益關系。

——推進農(nong)業農(nong)村現代(dai)化。順應新形勢完善(shan)生產關系，立足建設現代(dai)農(nong)業、實現鄉村振(zhen)(zhen)興，引導土地經(jing)(jing)營權有(you)序流轉，提(ti)高土地資(zi)源利用效(xiao)率(lv)，形成(cheng)多種形式農(nong)業適(shi)度規模經(jing)(jing)營，既解決好農(nong)業問題也解決好農(nong)民問題，既重視(shi)新型農(nong)業經(jing)(jing)營主(zhu)體也不忽視(shi)普通農(nong)戶，走(zou)出一(yi)條中國特色社會(hui)主(zhu)義鄉村振(zhen)(zhen)興道路。

——維護農(nong)村社會(hui)穩定(ding)。以(yi)農(nong)村社會(hui)穩定(ding)為前(qian)(qian)(qian)提，穩慎有序實施(shi)，尊重(zhong)歷(li)史、照顧現實、前(qian)(qian)(qian)后銜接、平(ping)穩過渡，不(bu)(bu)搞強迫命令；從各地實際出發，統籌考(kao)慮、綜合平(ping)衡、因地制宜、分類(lei)施(shi)策，不(bu)(bu)搞一刀切；保持歷(li)史耐心(xin)，循序漸(jian)進、步步為營，既解決好當前(qian)(qian)(qian)矛盾又為未來留有空間(jian)。

三(san)、準確把握(wo)“長久不變(bian)”政策內涵(han)

（一）保(bao)持土(tu)(tu)地集(ji)體(ti)(ti)所(suo)有(you)、家庭承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)基(ji)本(ben)制度(du)長久(jiu)不變(bian)。農(nong)(nong)村土(tu)(tu)地集(ji)體(ti)(ti)所(suo)有(you)、家庭承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)基(ji)本(ben)制度(du)有(you)利(li)于調動(dong)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)和農(nong)(nong)民(min)積(ji)極(ji)性，對(dui)保(bao)障國家糧食安全和農(nong)(nong)產品有(you)效(xiao)供給具(ju)有(you)重要作用(yong)，必須毫不動(dong)搖地長久(jiu)堅(jian)持，確保(bao)農(nong)(nong)民(min)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)有(you)效(xiao)行使集(ji)體(ti)(ti)土(tu)(tu)地所(suo)有(you)權(quan)、集(ji)體(ti)(ti)成員(yuan)平等(deng)享有(you)土(tu)(tu)地承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)。要從我國經(jing)濟社會(hui)發展階段和各地發展不平衡的(de)實際出(chu)發，積(ji)極(ji)探索和不斷豐富集(ji)體(ti)(ti)所(suo)有(you)、家庭承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)實現(xian)形式，不斷推進農(nong)(nong)村基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)營(ying)制度(du)完善(shan)和發展。

（二）保持農戶(hu)依法承(cheng)包集體土地(di)(di)的(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)權(quan)利(li)(li)長久(jiu)不(bu)變。家庭經(jing)營在農業生產經(jing)營中居于基(ji)礎(chu)性地(di)(di)位(wei)，要(yao)(yao)長久(jiu)保障和(he)(he)實現農戶(hu)依法承(cheng)包集體土地(di)(di)的(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)權(quan)利(li)(li)。農村集體經(jing)濟組織成(cheng)員有(you)(you)權(quan)依法承(cheng)包集體土地(di)(di)，任(ren)何(he)組織和(he)(he)個人都不(bu)能(neng)剝(bo)奪和(he)(he)非法限制。同(tong)時，要(yao)(yao)根據時代發展需要(yao)(yao)，不(bu)斷強(qiang)化對土地(di)(di)承(cheng)包權(quan)的(de)(de)物權(quan)保護(hu)，依法保障農民對承(cheng)包地(di)(di)占有(you)(you)、使用、收益、流轉及(ji)承(cheng)包土地(di)(di)的(de)(de)經(jing)營權(quan)抵(di)押(ya)、擔保權(quan)利(li)(li)，不(bu)斷賦予其(qi)更加完善的(de)(de)權(quan)能(neng)。

（三）保持(chi)(chi)(chi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)穩定(ding)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)家庭是土地(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)的法定(ding)主體(ti)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村集體(ti)土地(di)(di)由集體(ti)經(jing)(jing)濟組(zu)織(zhi)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)家庭承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，家庭成員依法平等享有(you)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)土地(di)(di)的各項權益。農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)要保持(chi)(chi)(chi)穩定(ding)，發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)方及其他經(jing)(jing)濟組(zu)織(zhi)和(he)個人不得違法調整。鼓勵承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶增(zeng)加投入，保護和(he)提升(sheng)地(di)(di)力(li)。各地(di)(di)可在農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)自(zi)愿(yuan)前提下結(jie)合農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)基(ji)本建(jian)設，組(zu)織(zhi)開展互換并地(di)(di)，發(fa)展連片種植。支持(chi)(chi)(chi)新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業經(jing)(jing)營(ying)主體(ti)通過流轉農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)進行農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)整理，提升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業綜合生產能(neng)力(li)。

四、穩妥推(tui)進“長久不(bu)變”實(shi)施

（一）穩定(ding)土地(di)(di)承包(bao)關系。第二輪土地(di)(di)承包(bao)到期后應堅持(chi)延包(bao)原則，不得將承包(bao)地(di)(di)打亂(luan)重分，確保(bao)絕(jue)大多數農戶(hu)(hu)原有承包(bao)地(di)(di)繼續(xu)保(bao)持(chi)穩定(ding)。對少數存在(zai)承包(bao)地(di)(di)因自然災害毀(hui)損等(deng)特殊情形且群眾普遍要求調(diao)地(di)(di)的村組(zu)，屆(jie)時(shi)可按(an)照大穩定(ding)、小調(diao)整(zheng)的原則，由農民(min)(min)集體民(min)(min)主(zhu)協商，經(jing)本集體經(jing)濟(ji)組(zu)織成(cheng)員的村民(min)(min)會議三(san)分之(zhi)二以上(shang)成(cheng)員或(huo)者三(san)分之(zhi)二以上(shang)村民(min)(min)代表同意，并報鄉（鎮）政府和(he)縣級政府農業等(deng)行(xing)政主(zhu)管(guan)部門批準，可在(zai)個別農戶(hu)(hu)間作適當(dang)調(diao)整(zheng)，但要依法依規(gui)從嚴掌握。

（二(er)）第二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期后(hou)再(zai)延長(chang)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年。土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期再(zai)延長(chang)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年，使農村土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)關系從第一輪(lun)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)開(kai)始保持穩定長(chang)達七十(shi)(shi)五年，是實行“長(chang)久不(bu)變”的(de)重大舉(ju)措(cuo)。現(xian)有承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)在第二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期后(hou)由農戶繼續承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期再(zai)延長(chang)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年，以(yi)各地(di)第二(er)輪(lun)土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)到期為起點計算(suan)。以(yi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)確權(quan)(quan)登記頒證為基礎，已頒發的(de)土地(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)利(li)證書，在新的(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期繼續有效且不(bu)變不(bu)換，證書記載的(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期限屆時(shi)作(zuo)統一變更(geng)。對(dui)個別調地(di)的(de)，在合同、登記簿和(he)證書上(shang)作(zuo)相應變更(geng)處(chu)理。

（三）繼續提倡“增人(ren)不(bu)增地(di)、減人(ren)不(bu)減地(di)”。為避免承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)的(de)頻(pin)繁變動，防止耕地(di)經(jing)營(ying)規模不(bu)斷細(xi)分，進入新的(de)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)期后，因承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方家庭(ting)人(ren)口(kou)增加、缺(que)地(di)少(shao)地(di)導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)生(sheng)活困難的(de)，要幫助其提高(gao)就業技(ji)能，提供就業服務，做(zuo)好(hao)社會(hui)保障工(gong)作(zuo)。因家庭(ting)成(cheng)員全部死亡(wang)而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方消(xiao)亡(wang)的(de)，發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方應當(dang)依法(fa)收回(hui)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)，另行(xing)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。通(tong)過家庭(ting)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)取(qu)得土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權的(de)，承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方應得的(de)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)收益(yi)，依照(zhao)繼承(cheng)法(fa)的(de)規定繼承(cheng)。

（四(si)）建(jian)立(li)健(jian)全土地(di)(di)(di)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權依法(fa)(fa)自(zi)愿有償(chang)轉(zhuan)讓機(ji)制。維護進(jin)城(cheng)農戶(hu)土地(di)(di)(di)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權益，現階段不得以退出(chu)土地(di)(di)(di)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權作為農戶(hu)進(jin)城(cheng)落(luo)戶(hu)的(de)條(tiao)件。對承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)農戶(hu)進(jin)城(cheng)落(luo)戶(hu)的(de)，引導支持其(qi)按(an)照自(zi)愿有償(chang)原則依法(fa)(fa)在本集(ji)體經濟組織內轉(zhuan)讓土地(di)(di)(di)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權或將承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)退還集(ji)體經濟組織，也(ye)可鼓勵(li)其(qi)多種形(xing)式(shi)流轉(zhuan)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)經營權。對長期棄(qi)(qi)耕拋荒承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)，發包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方可以依法(fa)(fa)采取(qu)措(cuo)施防止和糾正棄(qi)(qi)耕拋荒行為。

五(wu)、切實(shi)做(zuo)好“長久(jiu)不(bu)變”基礎工作

（一(yi)）做好(hao)承(cheng)包地(di)確權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)。承(cheng)包地(di)確權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)是穩定農村(cun)土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包關系的(de)(de)重大舉(ju)措，也(ye)是落實“長(chang)久不(bu)變”的(de)(de)重要前提和基(ji)本(ben)依據。在2018年年底前基(ji)本(ben)完成確權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上，繼續做好(hao)收(shou)尾(wei)工(gong)作(zuo)、化解遺留問題，健全承(cheng)包合同取得權(quan)(quan)利、登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)記(ji)(ji)載權(quan)(quan)利、證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)明權(quan)(quan)利的(de)(de)確權(quan)(quan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)制度，并做好(hao)與不(bu)動產(chan)統(tong)一(yi)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)銜接，賦予農民更有保障的(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包權(quan)(quan)益，為實行“長(chang)久不(bu)變”奠定堅實基(ji)礎(chu)。

（二(er)）完善落實農村土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)所有(you)(you)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)“三(san)權(quan)(quan)(quan)”分(fen)置政策(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。不斷探索農村土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)集體(ti)(ti)所有(you)(you)制的(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)實現形式，充分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)所有(you)(you)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)各自(zi)功能和整體(ti)(ti)效(xiao)用，形成層(ceng)次(ci)分(fen)明、結構合理、平等保護(hu)的(de)(de)格局。深入研究農民集體(ti)(ti)和承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)農戶(hu)在承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)、承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)農戶(hu)和經(jing)(jing)營主體(ti)(ti)在土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉中(zhong)的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利邊界及相互(hu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利關系(xi)等問題，充分(fen)維護(hu)農戶(hu)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)各項權(quan)(quan)(quan)能。完善土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)流(liu)轉市場(chang)，健全土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉規范管(guan)理制度，探索更(geng)多放(fang)活(huo)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)途徑。

（三）健全農(nong)村土地(di)承包相(xiang)關法律(lv)政策。按照黨(dang)中央(yang)確定(ding)的政策，抓緊修改相(xiang)關法律(lv)，建立健全實行“長久不變”、維護農(nong)戶(hu)土地(di)承包權益等(deng)方面的制度體(ti)系。在第二輪土地(di)承包到期前，中央(yang)農(nong)辦、農(nong)業農(nong)村部(bu)等(deng)部(bu)門應(ying)研究(jiu)出臺(tai)配套政策，指(zhi)導各地(di)明確第二輪土地(di)承包到期后(hou)延包的具體(ti)辦法，確保政策銜接(jie)、平穩過渡。

（四）高度重視政(zheng)策(ce)宣傳(chuan)引導(dao)工作(zuo)。各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)有關(guan)部門要加(jia)大宣傳(chuan)力度，各(ge)新聞(wen)媒體(ti)要積極(ji)發揮作(zuo)用，做好“長久不(bu)變”政(zheng)策(ce)解讀和業務培訓，及時、充分、有針對(dui)性地(di)發布信息，使(shi)廣(guang)大農(nong)(nong)民(min)和基層干(gan)部群眾全面準(zhun)確了解黨和國(guo)家的農(nong)(nong)村土地(di)承包政(zheng)策(ce)。密切關(guan)注(zhu)政(zheng)策(ce)落(luo)實中出現的新情(qing)況新問題，積極(ji)應對(dui)、妥善處理，重大問題要及時報告。

各(ge)省(sheng)（自治區、直轄(xia)市）黨委和政(zheng)府要充分認識(shi)實(shi)行(xing)“長久(jiu)不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”的(de)重要性(xing)(xing)、系統性(xing)(xing)、長期性(xing)(xing)，按(an)照(zhao)黨中央、國(guo)務院(yuan)要求(qiu)，切實(shi)加強領導，落實(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)責(ze)任(ren)，研究(jiu)解決實(shi)行(xing)“長久(jiu)不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”的(de)重點(dian)難點(dian)問題，保(bao)障“長久(jiu)不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”和第二輪土地(di)承包(bao)到期后再延長三(san)十年政(zheng)策(ce)在本地(di)順利(li)實(shi)施。實(shi)行(xing)縣(xian)級黨委和政(zheng)府負責(ze)制，縣(xian)級要針對(dui)具體(ti)問題制定(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方案，結合(he)本地(di)實(shi)際周密組織(zhi)實(shi)施，確(que)保(bao)“長久(jiu)不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”政(zheng)策(ce)落實(shi)、承包(bao)延期平穩(wen)過渡，保(bao)持農(nong)村(cun)社會(hui)和諧穩(wen)定(ding)。各(ge)有關部門要按(an)照(zhao)職責(ze)分工(gong)(gong)，主(zhu)動支持配合(he)，形成工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)合(he)力，健(jian)全齊抓共管的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機制，維護好、實(shi)現好農(nong)民承包(bao)土地(di)的(de)各(ge)項(xiang)權利(li)，保(bao)證農(nong)村(cun)長治久(jiu)安。